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Crab Nebula Core View

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Crab Nebula

The Crab Nebula has a most impressive gallery of pictures created with the help of Hubble.

The Hubble Space Telescope looked closer into the heart of Crab Nebula to seize what lies in the center of the old supernova remnant.

A dead star spins in the center of the nebula. At 6,500 light-years distance from the Taurus constellation, the Crab Nebula was created after a supernova explosion. During the event, the materials contained by the massive star were dispersed in space at immense speeds. The remains got covered in a cloud of gas, bounded by a shock wave of energy disturbance.

The Crab Nebula offers one of the most beautiful images from space, with its bright stars and colorful gas casting incredible shapes into the deep dark cosmos.

The Oldest Known Supernova in the World

There are two ways a supernova is created. One is through accumulating materials over the limits of its mass and undergoing thermonuclear explosion. The second is when a massive star collapses inside after it stops to generate fusion energy.

The Crab Nebula was formed after a neutron star explosion. This type of star is created from neutrons, subatomic particles with no electric charge. It had a mass similar to the one of the Sun but compressed into just tens of miles. The remains of the neutron star spin inside the Crab Nebula with a speed of 30 rotations per second.

The supernova explosion that created the Crab Nebula was the first one to be recorded by human civilization. The story begins in 1054 AD, when a new star appeared in the sky, an object almost as bright as the moon. The Japanese, Chinese and Arab astronomers, documented the event and monitored the star just until it faded away after several years.

The Crab Nebula is the first object listed in the Messier Catalogue from the 18th century, along with the Halley’s Comet.

Hubble’s Deep Look into the Crab Nebula

The new image of the nebula combines three different photographs of the core of the formation, taken ten years apart. Each of them is represented in various colors, underlying a different aspect of the supernova remnant.

The neutron star produces extreme conditions in the surrounding environment. The nearby materials are moving incredibly fast, leaving a hue of colors in the photographs.

As for the ionized gas, Hubble shows it in a red swirl of filaments and cavities. The star remains are decorated in blue, displaying a glow made of the electrons that spiral in the magnetic field almost as fast as the speed of light.

The magnetic field attracts gas and space dust which are in turn rejected by the decaying star. As the supernova remain spins, two jets of material burst from the poles. When the streams are orientated towards the Earth, the astronomers can observe a blinking light in the sky.

Image Source: Wikipedia

Researchers Found A New Dwarf Galaxy Thousands Times Smaller Than Milky Way Galaxy

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Dwarf-galaxy

A group of researchers from USA and Russia recognized a Dwarf Galaxy, which is 7 million light years from the Earth and 10,000 times smaller than our Milky way galaxy. The galaxy was named as Kks3 and found in the way of southern constellation of Hydrus by utilizing the Hubble Space Telescope.

As per the astronomers Kks3 does not have the same characteristics like the spiral arms which can be found in our galaxies. Kks3 does not have the required raw materials to create its own particular star and abandons older and paler remnants of stars. Researchers are proposing that larger stars like Andromeda are stripping this tinny galaxy of its raw materials. They are stating it was hard job to discover a little galaxy like this, as they have experienced never-ending collection of cosmic data to inspect.

The small galaxy was discovered by Dimitry Makarov, and Russian astronomers from the Special Astrophysical Observatory. They have found this galaxy while they were mapping out a cluster of galaxies in the Milky Way`s region. After the find Markov said, “Discovering objects like Kks3 is careful work, even with observatories like the Hubble Space Telescope…  It might be that there are a colossal number of dwarf spheroidal galaxies out there, something that would have significant outcomes for our thoughts regarding the development of the universe”. The researchers suspected that Kks3 was a part of another bigger galaxy, however later had found that this is a galaxy all alone’s. Kks3 was mapped in August and the researchers found that its stars weights together 23 million times more the Sun. The researchers are confident of discovering more dsph galaxies after the revelation of Kks3. They recommend that more up to date and powerful telescope like James Webb Space Telescope and the European Extremely Large Telescope will make more revelations.

The researchers are also making this revelation an imperative one, as they think that this will help them understand more about the universe and particularly dark matter. This sort of tiny galaxy is enclosed by the corona of dark matter.

An Isolated Dwarf Galaxy discovered by Hubble is close by

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Isolated-Dwarf-Galaxy

The Russian researchers from the Special Astrophysical Observatory in Karachai-Cherkessia, Russia have located an unknown dwarf galaxy named KKs3 about 7 million light years away from us located in the southern constellation of Hydrus. These researchers were working in tandem with Astronomers using Hubble Space Telescope’s advanced camera system and have collaboratively identified a new dwarf galaxy.

This discovery is quite unprecedented as KKs3 is well inside the well mapped “Local Group” of 50 known galaxies where the much famous Andromeda and our very own Milky Way reside. As a matter of fact, this finding has led astronomers to wonder that how many other close by dwarf galaxies have gone undiscovered.

This dwarf spheroidal galaxy accounts to just one by ten-thousandth of our Milky Way and also does not have spiral arms that many of the viewers might expect.

The Dwarf galaxies are fascinating objects as they don’t have the resources in terms of gas and dust required to create new generations of stars. But still, dwarf galaxies are very ancient and the observation of their stars is closely related to a cosmic archeological dig. Since they are quite old, their stars are also very dim making these dwarf galaxies very difficult to detect.

These dwarf galaxies normally orbit their big brothers like the Milky Way and Andromeda and are known to have several satellite dwarf galaxies and their star forming gases are thought to have been stolen by their more massive galactic neighbors. There are also possibilities that larger galaxies eat up these dwarfs during their formation. But KKs3 is not in any close proximity to another galaxy; it is completely isolated and joins a very exclusive club of only two galaxies. The other isolated dSph galaxy being the KKR 25 was found in 1999 and is also located in the same Local Group.

These isolated dSph galaxies were formed differently than their larger counterparts. Isolated dSphs are not affected by the gravitational forces of their neighbors, so they are likely to hold onto almost all of their star-forming gases but they consumed all of it in an early burst of star formation during the early days of the universe. An absence of interstellar gas indicates that astronomers have to scan intergalactic space very carefully so they don’t miss the faint stars of dSph galaxies. And that is why no dSphs have been found by Hubble out of the Local Group.

New Rare Dwarf Galaxies Discovered By Hubble Space Telescope

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Hubble-Space-Telescope

Cosmologists working with the Hubble Space Telescope’s Advanced Camera for Surveys have spotted a new dwarf galaxy. Russian scientists found an previously obscure dwarf galaxy (named Kks3) around 7 million light-years away on the way to southern Hydrus constellation.

This revelation is strange as Kks3 is really well inside the comparatively well-mapped “Local Group” of 50 known galaxies where the Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies are found. Actually, discovering the new galaxy has led cosmologists to start speculating about how many other close-by dwarf galaxies have gone undiscovered.

More on dwarf galaxies

With only one ten-thousandth of the mass of our galaxy, the “dwarf spheroidal” galaxy does not have the peculiarities viewers commonly expect, for example, spiral arms.

Dwarf galaxies are irregular as they don’t have the gas and dust needed to make new stars. That implies most dwarf galaxies are antique, and watching them is something like an celestial archeological burrow. By the same token, as they are so old, the stars of dwarf galaxies are faint, making it hard to identify them.

Dwarf are typically found in orbit with bigger galaxies, and cosmologists accept their star-forming gasses were stolen by bigger neighboring galaxies. Though,  Kks3 is not particularly near to another galaxy; it is totally secluded and is one of only two known isolated dsph galaxies. The other secluded dsph galaxy in the Local Group was found in 1999 and is named KKR & Co. L.p. (Nyse:kkr) 25.

Analysts accept that secluded dsph galaxies were shaped uniquely in contrast to bigger, orbiting galaxies. Secluded dsphs were not affected by the gravitic forces of their neighbors, so they likely held onto the majority of their star-forming gasses, however then expended almost the majority of the material in an early blast of star development. Given the absence of interstellar gas, cosmologists need to examine intergalactic space deliberately so not to miss the dim stars of dsph galaxies.

“Discovering items like Kks3 is thorough work, even with observatories like the Hubble Space Telescope. However, with diligence, we’re gradually developing a guide of our nearby neighborhood, which ends up being less vacant than we suspected,” remarked Dimitry Makarov, of the Special Astrophysical Observatory in Karachai-Cherkessia, Russia.

“There is a possibility that there are countless dwarf spheroidal galaxies out there, something that would have reflective results for our thoughts regarding the advancement of the universe,” he added.

NASA’s Pluto-Bound New Horizon Spacecraft Woke Up From 18th Hibernation

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Pluto-bound-Probe-Wakes

According to the recent reports revealed, on Saturday night, NASA’s Pluto-bound New Horizons probe turned off its snooze alarm for the last time to get prepared for a long-anticipated exploration of the dwarf planet and its Kuiper Belt neighbors.

Ground control groups at the John Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory in Maryland got a radio transmission around 9:30 pm. EST that the probe woke up from electronic snooze, its eighteenth hibernation period since its 3-billion-mile journey started in January 2006.

New Horizons Spies Pluto’s Tiny Moon Hydra

“This is truly an epic expedition,” lead scientist Alan Stern told reporters at the American Astronomical Society conference a month ago.

Alice Bowman, mission operations manager, said New Horizons used up a sum of 1,873 days in hibernation, with periods ranging from 36 to 202 days.

Pluto Getting Bigger in New Horizons Probe’s Window

The downtime left the rocket allowed to gather dust particles and run science tests without having a pricey flight control group or expecting to utilize NASA’s profound space communications system.

New Horizons prearranged wake-up call now gives the group around 6-weeks to adjust the spaceship tools, load software, plan recorders and check different frameworks before the primary science mission starts 15th Jan. The shuttle will make its closest approach to Pluto on 14th July.

Could We Call Pluto and Charon a ‘Binary Planet’ so far?

Pluto, which was still viewed as a planet when New Horizons launched, is currently known as a dwarf planet, one of thousands spotted past Neptune’s orbit in the unexplored Kuiper Belt section of the earth’s planetary group.

Researchers think Kuiper Belt-type items were the building blocks of planets. New Horizons will be the first shuttle to study Pluto.

“Our insight of Pluto is truly scanty … regardless of the walk of innovation on the ground, even with the Hubble Space Telescope,” Stern said. “New Horizons will compose a workbook on the Pluto framework and the Kuiper Belt.”

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